![]() ![]() The Cape settlement was built by them in 1652 as a re-supply point and way-station for United East India Company vessels on their way back and forth between the Netherlands and Batavia (Jakarta) in the Dutch East Indies. Traders of the United East India Company ( VOC), under the command of Jan van Riebieeck, were the first people to establish a European colony in South Africa. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 confirmed the transfer of sovereignty to Great Britain.ĭrawing of a group of Khoedi women, made by a Dutch artist in the early 1700s In January 1806, the British occupied the colony for a second time after the Battle of Blaauwberg at present-day Bloubergstrand. Dutch control did not last long, however, as the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars () invalidated the Peace of Amiens. Under the terms of the Peace of Amiens of 1802, Britain acceded the colony to the Dutch on 1 March 1803, but as the Batavian Republic had since nationalized the United East India Company (1796), the colony came under the direct rule of The Hague. In 1795, after the Battle of Muizenberg in present-day Cape Town, the British occupied the colony. In order to avoid collision with the Bantu peoples advancing south and west from east central Africa, the VOC agreed in 1780 to make the Great Fish River the boundary of the colony. The company, in an effort to control these migrants, established a magistracy at Swellendam in 1745 and another at Graaff Reinet in 1786, and declared the Gamtoos River as the eastern frontier of the colony, only to see the Trekboers cross it soon afterwards. After King Louis XIV of France revoked the Edict of Nantes (October 1685), which had protected the right of Huguenots in France to practise Protestant worship without persecution from the state, the colony attracted many Huguenot settlers, who eventually mixed with the general Vryburgher population.ĭue to the authoritarian rule of the company (telling farmers what to grow for what price, controlling immigration, and monopolising trade), some farmers tried to escape the rule of the company by moving further inland. As these farms were labour-intensive, Vryburghers imported slaves from Madagascar, Mozambique and Asia ( Dutch East Indies and Dutch Ceylon), which rapidly increased the number of inhabitants. After several years of service in the company, an employee could lease a piece of land in the colony as a Vryburgher ('free citizen'), on which he had to cultivate crops that he had to sell to the United East India Company for a fixed price. ![]() Much to the dismay of the shareholders of the VOC, who focused primarily on making profits from the Asian trade, the colony rapidly expanded into a settler colony in the years after its founding.Īs the only permanent settlement of the Dutch United East India Company not serving as a trading post, it proved an ideal retirement place for employees of the company. The Cape came under VOC rule from 1652 to 1795 and from 1803 to 1806 was ruled by the Batavian Republic. Jan van Riebeeck established the colony as a re-supply and layover port for vessels of the VOC trading with Asia. Between 16 it was a Commandment, and between 16 a Governorate of the United East India Company (VOC). The original colony and its successive states that the colony was incorporated into occupied much of modern South Africa. Texter's just so you know…: Abbr.The Cape Colony ( Dutch: Kaapkolonie) was a Dutch United East India Company (VOC) colony in Southern Africa, centered on the Cape of Good Hope, from where it derived its name. #Nantes notion crossword clue tv#
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